Botany- SPSC-Practice-6

Prepare for SPSC Botany examinations with 20 fresh MCQs covering plant physiology, anatomy, genetics, reproduction, taxonomy and ecology, with correct answers and detailed explanations for competitive exam preparation.

Practice questions

Which mechanism is primarily responsible for the upward movement of water through tall trees?
- Root pressure alone
- Cohesion-tension mechanism
- Active transport by xylem cells
- Diffusion through phloem
Which structure regulates the opening and closing of stomata?
- Epidermal hairs
- Guard cells
- Companion cells
- Root hairs
The Casparian strip is located in which part of a plant root?
- Epidermis
- Cortex
- Endodermis
- Pericycle
What is the chromosome number of the primary endosperm nucleus in a typical angiosperm?
- Haploid
- Diploid
- Triploid
- Tetraploid
Which organelle is primarily responsible for photorespiration in plant cells?
- Golgi apparatus
- Peroxisome
- Lysosome
- Nucleolus
Which plant tissue contains sieve tube elements and companion cells?
- Xylem
- Phloem
- Epidermis
- Cork
What is the main function of mycorrhiza in plants?
- Increasing water loss
- Enhancing mineral nutrient absorption
- Preventing seed formation
- Producing chlorophyll
Which stage of meiosis involves the separation of homologous chromosomes?
- Prophase I
- Metaphase II
- Anaphase I
- Anaphase II
Which botanical family includes pea, gram and lentil?
- Solanaceae
- Fabaceae
- Poaceae
- Brassicaceae
Which phenomenon occurs when a plant cell is placed in a strongly hypertonic solution?
- Cytolysis
- Plasmolysis
- Deplasmolysis
- Turgidity
Which scientist is widely known as the father of modern plant physiology?
- Julius von Sachs
- Charles Darwin
- Gregor Mendel
- Robert Hooke
Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
- mRNA
- rRNA
- tRNA
- siRNA
Which process produces genetically different offspring through the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?
- Binary fission
- Crossing over
- Budding
- Mitosis
What is the principal role of the pericycle in roots?
- Formation of lateral roots
- Absorption of sunlight
- Production of pollen
- Storage of chlorophyll
Which ecological relationship benefits both participating species?
- Parasitism
- Competition
- Mutualism
- Amensalism
Which structure connects the ovule to the placenta within the ovary?
- Micropyle
- Funicle
- Chalaza
- Integument
Which scientist established the binomial system of biological nomenclature?
- Carolus Linnaeus
- Theophrastus
- Robert Brown
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Which part of a typical angiosperm seed develops into the embryonic root?
- Plumule
- Radicle
- Cotyledon
- Hypocotyl
Which plant response involves directional growth in response to gravity?
- Phototropism
- Hydrotropism
- Geotropism
- Thigmotropism
Which term describes the loss of water droplets from leaf margins through specialized structures?
- Transpiration
- Guttation
- Evaporation
- Condensation